RABBI WEBER’S SUMMARY OF THE הלכות FOR ט’ באב תשפ”ב WHEN ט’ באב FALLS ON שבת
These פסקים do not reflect all of our diverse community’s varied מנהגים and these times are reflective of Monsey, NY.
Please feel free to discuss specifics with me.
On this שבת חזון, even though there are concerns about learning תורה on the afternoon precedingט’ באב, I suggest following those who allow תלמוד תורה on this שבת afternoon.[1] On this שבת, we also daven מנחה שבת early, to allow enough time to return home for eating סעודה שלישית before the fast, which begins at sunset. The rules that usually apply to a pre-ט’ באב meal (i.e., sitting low, eggs, ashes et al) do not apply to this סעודה. The סעודה may include all foods, including meat and wine.[2] Also, the מנהג of not drinking water during סעודה שלישית,[3] does not apply to this סעודה.
All preparations for ט’ באב – including saying “we are eating to prepare for the fast” – are forbidden all שבת, including at this סעודה שלישית. Because of this, those who take medications to ease the fast, should wait until מוצש”ק before taking them – which means that we must take those medications without water, because they are being taken after the fast will have begun.
Finish eating this סעודה שלישית before sunset (8:06).[4] Other aspects of ט’ באב (sitting low, not wearing leather shoes, et al) are not applicable until it is actually מוצש”ק.
מוצש”ק is at 8:57 (50 minute זמן) or 9:19 (רבינו תם). Wait until then, and then say ברוך המבדיל בין קודש לחול before working or preparing for מוצש”ק. On מוצש”ק, switch out of שבת clothing and put on ט’ באב shoes (try, though, to have regular shoes in shul, so that you have appropriate shoes for theקידוש לבנה which takes after ט’ באב).[5]
When davening שמו”ע on מוצש”ק, say אתה חוננתנו, even though you already saidברוך המבדיל .[6] We do not make הבדלה on מוצש”ק. The ברכה on אש, though, is said – all by itself – on this מוצש”ק. Say this ברכה at home. This ברכה is also said in many shuls after מעריב – by someone who hadn’t said it at home.
הבדלה (without the introductory הנה) is said after ט’ באב, on Sunday night. At that הבדלה, there is no אש (that was said מוצש”ק) or בשמים (the ברכה on בשמים is not said at all this year).[7] Because הבדלה is a mitzva, we use grape juice/wine for Sunday night הבדלה, even though the restrictions against eating meat and drinking wine still apply that night.[8] Ill people, who will be eating on the fast, make הבדלה on ט’ באב with beer, not with grape juice or with wine. If need be, they can use coffee or tea for הבדלה.[9] Cool the coffee/tea before the הבדלה, so that you will be able to drink it within the short time span required by הלכה.[10] Those saying הבדלה on מוצש”ק omit both the introductory [11]הנה and the ברכה on the בשמים.
The night and day (until חצות) after the “fast” is usually circumcised by 9-days rules (no meat, wine, bathing, shaving, music , clothes washing etc.). This year, though, because the fast was on the 10th of אב, on the following night, we can bathe, wash clothing, shave and listen to music, although we avoid meat and wine (other than for הבדלה) until the following morning.
שיבנה בית המקדש במהרה בימינו
[1] ראה נו”כ שו”ע או”ח תקנ”ג ב ותקנ””ד ד
[2] שו”ע או”ח תקנ”ב י
[3] רמ”א או”ח רצ”א ב
[4] רמ”א או”ח תקנ”ב י
[5] שמירת שבת כהלכה סב פח
[6] משמעות המ”ב או”ח רצ”ט לה
[7] שו”ע או”ח תקנ”ו
[8] מ”ב תקנ”ו ג אבל ראה ערוה”ש ב תקנ”ו ב
[9] אבל ראה יביע אומר ג יט
[10] מקראי קודש פסח ב מז
[11] שמירת שבת כהלכה סב מד